저자 : 왕경순, 이삼수

The United States has endured population shrinkage following neighborhood decline that has created challenging planning and policy issues since the 2000s. This study examines the policies of federal, state, and local governments in the United States in response to the problem of shrinking cities with a particular focus on housing vacancy, which is currently impacting neighborhoods in South Korea, and discusses several initial implications for urban regeneration here. In the United States, while federal efforts addressing housing vacancy have primarily been channeled through the Neighborhood Stabilization Program, local efforts have largely been responsible for establishing regeneration programs that have taken place via diverse policy tools such as land banks, housing vacancy legislation, demolition programs, and redevelopment incentives for neighborhood stability. We discuss several implications for urban regeneration in South Korea through the establishment of systematic principles for the classification of shrinking cities, the strengthening of the role of land banks in managing vacancies and abandoned properties during economic downturns, and effective collaboration between academicians and practitioners and between central and local governments.

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저자 : 김어진, 구자훈

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of land use change by street characteristics of Bukchon and to confirm the difference of change by Bukchon Type 1 District Unit Plan. Existing non-residential use areas and new non-residential use are increasingly dominant. Small commercial use that are closely related to usual life are keep spreading around the street, and areas where commercial use is permitted by the district unit plan are also affected by the existing use, and changes are taking place. The land use changes according to the street hierarchy are as follows: the higher the hierarchy, the wider the width, the more commercial degree, the lower the hierarchy, and the narrower the width, the more residential use is distributed. For the road type, there is a lot of small commercial use in the street where the irregular parcels are distributed, and a lot of cultural uses are distributed around the large parcels such as public institutions and schools. The commercialization of Bukchon, which has a traditional street network, is different from previous researches because it has different characteristics from other regions, so it seeks to see characteristics of land use change in Bukchon.

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저자 : 강재원, 성현곤

It has been well known that subway opening has impacts on decreasing the city's traffic congestion through pedestrian- and transit-friendly land use changes as well as decreasing inordinate dependence of travel on private cars. Its long-term operation since its opening is expected to derive land use change in rail station areas, which is more high-dense development. However, few study has fully identified its pure impacts on development density by land use type. Therefore, this study is to empirically explore its pure impacts on change in the floor area of buildings by its use type in the Daejeon rail station areas in the next 10-year period after the subway line 1 opening by employing the triple difference regression modeling. Analysis results confirm that subway opening and its long-term operation have statistically significant pure impacts on more compact development on residential and total land use, not non-residential land use such as commerce and service, office, and other ones. It indicates that residential land use change is still closely associated with better transit accessibility in the Daejeon metropolitan city.

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저자 : 한국토지주택공사 세종특별본부 KPA 행정중심복합도시 기획조정단

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저자 : 서순탁

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저자 : 장성만, 이승일

Introducing a tram in a city would affect not only its transport system but also land-use pattern. In this study, Seoul Metropolitan Area Model developed using DELTA (land-use model) and Omnitrans (transport model) was applied to simulate the comprehensive effect of the new tram for the City of Suwon. Before applying the model, the parameters of Omnitrans were calibrated and validated. Three scenarios were set up to analyze the long-term effects of mode choice and the subsequent changes in land use and population: a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario and two alternative scenarios with a tram and an increase of floor area ratio (FAR) in the adjacent area of the tram route. The model simulation showed that introducing a tram route would reduce transit use as a result of decreased accessability to the city rail station using bus and car, which is ascribed to the bypass of bus routes. The simulation also showed that the residential location of younger householder families might change from downtown to outskirts, because the tram would decrease the accessibility to the jobs outside the city. However, the elderly householders move to downtown due to the tram and reduced housing rent. This problem might be solved by introducing more tram routes throughout the city and modifying the bus routes appropriately. Its effects are to be explored using a model with actual tram traffic data in the future. 키 워 드 ▪ 도시통합모델, 모델적합성, 입지변화,

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저자 : 최막중, 양욱재

While commercial/retail gentrification in residential area has been criticized for its socioeconomic effects of rent hikes and ensuing displacement of tenants, this paper attempts to provide a more comprehensive picture of the effects, including negative and positive external effects of land use changes on physical environment from the planning point of view. The questionnaire survey was conducted to assess various effects of commercial gentrification for the residents in a downtown residential area in Seoul called Seochon (West village), and four factors are identified in factor analysis: amenity, convenience, economic, and social factors. Main findings derived from regression of four factor scores on the overall assessment score are as follows. First, changes in physical environment (amenity and convenience factors) play a primary role in assessing gentrification effects. Second, positive externality of land use changes (convenience factor) is more influential than negative externality (amenity factor), leading to an increase in house rents. Third, the rent hikes (economic factor) in turn have double-sided effects, positive or negative, depending on housing tenure i.e. owners vs. tenants.

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저자 : 김정욱, 김형태, 정동호

The paper investigates impact of land price movement on developing residence area, and tries to elicit policy implication on project implementation along with land acquisition. We analyze price change considering each development stages and characteristics of residence area. 14 project sites are selected for the analysis and the unit prices of lands in those sites are from 2000 to 2010. We find out that the price of land has increased rapidly upon designation and steadily been on uprising trend during following implementation stages. Especially the price of land within the sites increased drastically even before designation stage and the change rate is highest at the point of designation. These changes turn out to be more dramatic in capital region. Detailed estimation results in this study imply that compensations had not clearly made under the principle of fair compensation and development gain exclusion. Since land compensation expenses generally take a big portion of development costs affecting financial feasibility of public institutions, it is suggested to reconsider optimal timing of land compensation.

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